SERPINE1 and Insulin resistance: Conversely, thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor, PAI-1, D-dimer, Antithrombin III and thrombomodulin were reported to be significantly increased in women with PCOS compared with age- and BMI-matched controls, suggesting that alterations in these proteins are BMI-independent and due to other factors such as inflammation and insulin resistance, as reported here4.