Together with the results showing a significant reduction of bile acid synthesis and TGR5 expression (Fig. 4F,G), this data suggested that the increased hepatic fat accumulation of DSS-induced colitis was at least in part caused by decreased bile acid-induced energy expenditure, which was observed as a suppression of TGR5-mediated SAT browning and BAT thermogenesis. The gene discussed is GPBAR1; the disease is colitis.