NOX4 expression is also increased in DTC, leading to an increase in oxidant species that cause DNA damage and promote cell dedifferentiation, tumorigenesis, and chromosomal instability [62]; NOX4 also stimulates TGF-β in cancer [63], which has been shown to play a key role in the BRAFV600E-induced repression of NIS [57,64,65]. The gene discussed is NOX4; the disease is cancer.