For example, C9 or f72 repeat expansions and TAR DNA-binding protein (TARDBP) mutations have been described in ALS and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), modifying the idea of ALS as a disease confined to the motor system to the extreme phenotypic expression of a clinical/pathological continuum with FTLD [11,12,13]. This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and frontotemporal dementia.