APOBEC3A and cancer: However, misregulation of several A3 family members, in particular the mutagenic actions of A3A, A3B, and A3G, are exploited by viruses (including SARS-CoV-2) [5,6,7] and cancer cells to enhance their rate of evolution, leading to detrimental outcomes by their escaping adaptive immune responses and becoming drug resistant [8,9,10,11,12,13,14].