INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Histological analysis of the pancreatic islets from T2D human donors shows a 40% average reduction in the β-cell mass (range 25–60%), increased amyloid deposits and β-cell apoptosis, reduced insulin content, and unaltered α-cell mass as compared with non-diabetic control pancreas samples [3,4,5,6,7,8,9].