Therefore, in the tumor microenvironment, THPO not only controls the number and activity of platelets, recognized as promoters of tumor growth and dissemination at different levels [14], by directly interacting with its surface receptor c-Mpl (THPOR) [15] expressed by endothelial and tumor cells, it may also activate multiple intracellular pathways, leading to the induction of new vessel formation [10], cell migration, and chemoinvasion [16]. The gene discussed is MPL; the disease is neoplasm.