Several phase I trials have been initiated, including sch rhIL-15 with nivolumab (a-PD-1) and ipilimumab (a-CTLA4) in refractory cancers (NCT03388632), with avelumab (a-PD-L1; NCT03905135) in T cell malignancies, with obinutuzumab (a-CD20; NCT03759184) in CLL; and with alemtuzumab (a-CD52; NCT02689453) in ATL. This evidence concerns the gene CTLA4 and cancer.