HMGCS1 and esophageal cancer: Because a large body of prior data suggests that use of statins may be associated with a reduced incidence of breast as well as esophageal cancer etc. [62,63,64,65,66] and the fact that all four enzymes, i.e., GGPS1, FDPS, HGMCS1 and HGMCR, belong to the mevalonate pathway, these observations might offer some degree of scientific reasoning for potentially combining bisphosphonates with statins (along with strategies to target HMGCS1) for cancer-types for which these drugs are not approved (Figure 6B).