In the genetic ALS model (G93ASOD1) of spinal cord motoneuronal death, CX3CR1 deficiency was accompanied by higher levels of microglia activation and by the parallel increased neuronal death, compared to wild-type mice, where the neurotoxic activity of microglial cells was prevented by the CX3CL1–CX3CR1 axis [34]. Here, CX3CR1 is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.