MAPK8 and Alzheimer disease: The resultant oxidant stress can be expected to promote activation of the stress-activated MAP kinases, including c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), known to be another key mediator of AD pathology [5], via increased activation of the upstream kinase apoptosis signal-regulating kinase (ASK1), or via induction of ER stress, which signals to JNK via IRE1alpha [6,7].