Strikingly, breast cancer-associated gene 2 (BCA2, also known as Rabring7, ZNF364, or RNF115), a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase, was shown to interact with tetherin to promote HIV-1 packaging into CD63+ endosomes, with the end result being lysosomal degradation of HIV-1 virions and tetherin in a manner reminiscent of tetherin-dependent autophagic degradation of damaged mitochondria in uninfected cells [190,191]. The gene discussed is BST2; the disease is cancer.