As a previous study showed that PXE might be associated with premature aging processes [17], we additionally evaluated the gene expression of IL6, IGFBP3 and GDF11, which play a pivotal role in the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and were partly shown to be dysregulated in PXE [17]. This evidence concerns the gene GDF11 and pseudoxanthoma elasticum (inherited or acquired).