TNF and inflammatory bowel disease: This biomarker has been more recently evaluated as mRNA expression in the mucosa of IBD patients prior to therapy and found to be specifically predictive of non-response to anti-TNF in terms of mucosal healing at 6 months with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC)of 0.90 for infliximab and 0.94 for adalimumab, p < 0.001 [53].