For example, these studies have shown that neuron-derived exosomes (NDEs), or astrocyte-derived exosomes (ADEs), isolated from the blood of AD patients had significantly higher levels of previously reported AD pathology-related proteins (Phospho-T181-tau, Aβ-42, γ-secretase, soluble amyloid precursor protein (sAPP)β, and sAPPα). Here, MAPT is linked to Alzheimer disease.