Further analysis of ALS patient subgroups showed that transmembrane glycoprotein (NMB), Protein–glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2, Annexin 11, Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1, Cytochrome b-245 heavy chain and Cofilin-1 were differentially regulated in ALS patients with an expansion of the C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat versus ALS patients who lacked this repeat [121]. Here, UBA1 is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.