These results are preliminary, but reinforce the hypothesis that HDLs act as delivery carriers of PON1 and PON3 from the liver to areas of high levels of oxidative stress and inflammation, and suggest that PON1 and PON3 have a yet-to-explore role in astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, and the AD pathology, which opens a new line of research on the potential role played by PON family members in this and other neurodegenerative diseases. The gene discussed is PON1; the disease is neurodegenerative disease.