CXCL8 and neoplasm: Factors such as cytokines (e.g., tumor necrosis factor alpha “TNF-α,” interkelukin-8 “IL-8,” and stromal cell-derived factor alpha “SDF-α”) [14,16,17,18], hypoxia-inducible factor-1a, hepatocyte growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor have all been implicated in stem cell migration toward neoplasms [19,20], as well as tumor extracellular matrix components such as tenascin-C, laminin, and inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 [19,21].