HMGCR and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: In addition, ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) revealed the altered expression of genes involved in triglyceride biosynthesis and commonly associated with NAFLD and HCC, such as HMG-box transcription factor 1, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, fatty acid binding protein 7, programmed cell death 4b, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases 3 (Figure 7E).