Curcumin, a natural polyphenol extracted from Turmeric, has the potential to activate caspase-1 to induce pyroptosis and simultaneously increase the release of proinflammatory factor, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), without processing of pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18 in malignant mesothelioma cells, which can be inhibited by caspase-1 inhibitor or antioxidant NAC (246). The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is malignant mesothelioma.