CCDC88A and hepatocellular carcinoma: As indicated by the Kaplan–Meier survival curve in Figure 5, high Girdin expression was associated with worse prognosis in macrophage-enriched HCC specimens (HR = 1.316, 95% CI: 0.103–1.075, P=0.008), but not in those enriched in the other five immune cell types (Supplementary Figure S5A–E), suggesting that the adverse effects of high Girdin expression on the OS of HCC patients may be partially mediated by macrophage infiltration.