Associations with infection were replicated at two SNP (IL13 rs1800925; IL4 rs2243250), and both of these SNP and also the IL10 (−1082/−819/−592) haplotype were also found to be associated with pathology (Tables 3, 4), despite the studies using different phenotypes and in one case different parasite species. The gene discussed is IL13; the disease is infection.