APEX1 and familial pancreatic carcinoma: This five-gene panel was downregulated when Ref-1 was knocked down or inhibited by APX3330 in pancreatic cancer xenolines.23 In MPNST cells, Ref-1 siRNA and treatment with APX2009 also significantly decreased the expression of these genes (Supplementary Fig. 5B, E and Fig. 5d).