The mechanisms underlying lethality associated with low blood pH are not clear but include low zinc levels and release from apoptotic or necrotic cells of High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) defined as one of the late mediators of sepsis, further up-regulating many other proinflammatory cytokines (10, –12). Here, HMGB1 is linked to Sepsis.