We further found that TNF-α treatment increased not only the phosphorylation of p65 but also the expression of Il-6 in a dose- and time-dependent manner (Supplementary Fig. 10i, j) and that treatment with the NF-κB inhibitor BAY-11-7082 reversed the expression of Il-6 in tumour cells (Fig. 5b). Here, NFKB1 is linked to neoplasm.