CD4 and AIDS: Despite the availability of effective highly active ART since 1996, a local study found that 54% of persons newly-diagnosed with HIV in 1996–2009 had late presentation to care, defined as having either a CD4 T-helper lymphocyte count (CD4 count) < 200 cells/mm3 at the time of presentation to care, or AIDS-defining conditions within 1 year of HIV diagnosis [8].