In pre-S2 mutant transgenic mice which develop HCC, there was a higher level of lipid accumulation in HCC tissues through activation of ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) through mTOR/SREBF1 which promotes lipogenesis; the ACLY/mTOR/SREBF1 cascade is also activated in human HBV-associated HCC [48]. This evidence concerns the gene SREBF1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.