In addition to evidence from the LUX-Lung studies, a phase I trial including treatment at the approved dose of 40 mg, and a phase II trial employing afatinib at 30 mg support the feasibility of first-line afatinib as a treatment option in elderly Japanese patients with EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC [17, 18]. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma.