Huang et al. (2019) showed that Vitamin D promotes the cisplatin sensitivity of oral squamous cell carcinoma by inhibiting LCN2-modulated NF-κB pathway activation through RPS3. Zhao et al. (2019) unveiled a novel extra-ribosomal role of RPS3 in facilitating hepatocarcinogenesis via the posttranscriptional regulation of SIRT1 expression and proposes that the RPS3/SIRT1 pathway serves as a potential therapeutic target in HCC. This evidence concerns the gene RPS3 and hepatocellular carcinoma.