SALL4 and malignant germ cell tumor: Subsequently, overexpression of SALL4 was reported in a variety of cancers, such as breast cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, endometrial cancer, germ cell cancer, as well as GC (Camparo and Comperat, 2013; Gonzalez-Roibon et al., 2013; Li et al., 2015; Zhang et al., 2015; Tatetsu et al., 2016).