VSIG4 and leprosy: Although none of the X-linked VSIG4 eQTL variants seem associated with altered gene expression/structure of VSIG4 itself (only of neighboring genes), major haplotypes were found associated with HBV infection per se. The summed frequencies of two haplotypes carrying rs5964488*G (p.1208Arg), rs34581041*C, rs5964487*C, and rs9887348*G, all of which occur within TADs, were higher among HBV+ leprosy patients than among blood donors (OR = 2.11 [95%CI = 1.23–3.61], P = 0.009) and HBV− leprosy patients (OR = 1.93 [95%CI = 1.08–3.45], P = 0.034) (Supplementary Table 10).