IL1B and Sepsis: In fact, we previously reported that long-term potentiation (LTP) in the mouse hippocampus, which could be regarded as the cellular basis of learning and memory (Bliss and Collingridge, 1993), was impaired via mechanisms associated with microglial activation and interleukin (IL)-1β activity during the acute phase of sepsis (Hoshino et al., 2017b).