The studies discussed in this section further highlight that rodent models have elucidated potential mechanisms for the effects of WD on learning and memory impairments, and these relate to region-specific changes in Ca2+ dysregulation (long term potentiation), glucocorticoid receptors, dopamine metabolism, neuroinflammation, microglial activity, and other factors that affect plasticity and ultimately alter the network dynamics of neural ensembles that support cognition, with the HPC, mPFC, and amygdala being particularly affected. This evidence concerns the gene NR3C1 and memory impairment.