One approach to evaluating gliosis is via quantification of staining for Iba1 (microglia) and GFAP (astrocytes), levels of which are both higher in AD patients (Hein and O’Banion, 2009) and ARB treatment is associated with lower GFAP and Iba1 immunoreactivity in FAD mice (Wang et al., 2007; Mogi et al., 2008; Takeda et al., 2009; Tsukuda et al., 2009; Danielyan et al., 2010; Ferrington et al., 2011, 2012; Ongali et al., 2014, 2016; Torika et al., 2016, 2017, 2018; Royea et al., 2017; Trigiani et al., 2018). Here, AIF1 is linked to Alzheimer disease.