GLI1 and colonic neoplasm: Previous studies demonstrated that Reg IV expression was induced by glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (GLI1) in pancreatic cancer [46] or by growth factors including transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α), epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in colon cancer [47].