STAT3 and alkaline phosphatase measurement: The phosphorylation of STAT3 at S727 can stimulate mitochondrial bioenergetic function by binding to prohibitin 1,41 decrease ROS production by facilitating complex I coupling,42 and maintain mitochondrial membrane potential by interacting with cyclophilin D.43The experiments with antagonists showed that cilengitide, a specific αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrin inhibitor, abolished MFG‐E8's beneficial effects in AP.