Yet, separate studies found that stimulation of adBNST→LH neurons (Kim et al., 2013), Vgat-vBNST→VTA neurons (Jennings et al., 2013b), and Sst-BNST→NAcSh neurons (Xiao et al., 2020) had the opposite effect of reducing anxiety, revealing some unresolved issues regarding how BNST microcircuits and long-range pathways regulate stress-related “anxiety” phenotypes. The gene discussed is SLC32A1; the disease is Anxiety.