DYRK1A and Down syndrome: Besides Dyrk1A kinase activity, GTE-EGCG may inhibit several DYRK1A related pathways such as the NFAT (Nuclear factor of activated T-cells) signaling pathway and transcription factors DCAF7 21 and GLI1 22, which are overexpressed in Down syndrome and play a role as critical regulators of vertebrate development and organogenesis, including skeletal, muscular and cardiac development 15.