In contrast to what has been reported for acute myeloid leukemia, in PDAC LIF paracrine activity induces cancer stem cell self-renewal and cell differentiation arrest (Gearing et al. 1987; Hoffman-Liebermann and Liebermann 1991; Penuelas et al. 2009; Shi et al. 2019; Wang et al. 2019). The gene discussed is LIF; the disease is cancer.