In view of the role of β-catenin showed in a tumor study, in which β-catenin promote immune escape and impair T cells activity, resulting in resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma [23], β-catenin has been applied in the anticancer strategy of therapy in combination with PD-1 immunotherapy [24]. Here, PDCD1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.