Finally, 9 upregulated master TFs (FOXQ1, ZIC2, ETV4, MSX2, PDX1, ASCL2, TFAP2A, FOSL1, and MYC) were identified in MSS CRC samples (Figure 1) (cutoffs : log2 (fold change (expression)) > 2 and max (enrichment score) > 0.2). Here, TFAP2A is linked to colorectal carcinoma.