TGFB1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Takata et al. [39] confirmed that miRNA-140-5p has an inhibitory effect on HCC and affects the development of HCC, the expression of miRNA-140-5p decreases in hepatoma tissues and many hepatoma cell lines, and miRNA-140-5p regulates the signal pathways of TGF-β and MAPK by regulating the downstream target gene TGF-β receptor 1 and FGF9 and thus affects the transformation and proliferation of hepatoma cells.