ESR1 and cancer: It has been found in some circumstances that autophagy can lead to cell death; for instance, autophagy shows association in degenerating neurons of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's patients, in MCF-7 cancer cell lines treated with 4-hydroxyxytamoxifen (selective estrogen receptor modulator), in the regression of corpus luteum [10], deterioration of Mullerian duct structure during male genital development [11], and involution of mammary and prostate glands [12–15].