To investigate the role of the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway in the pathogenesis and progression of T1DM, the protein levels of Keap1 and Nrf2, as well as two target antioxidative genes HO-1 and NQO1, were measured in the control, tolerant, and sensitive mice, respectively. This evidence concerns the gene KEAP1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.