CCL2 and lobular neoplasia: Although new biomarkers such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 18 have been used to assess LN disease activity, conventional assays such as serum creatinine, proteinuria, GFR, urine sediments, anti-dsDNA antibody, and the complement levels, despite their inadequate sensitivity and specificity for monitoring the disease activity and early relapse in LN 17, 19, are still the most commonly used clinical indicators of LN.