PDCD1 and neoplasm: Although survival was not significantly different from single antibody treatment, dual antibody treatment (anti-PS and anti-PD-1) in combination with DPX-R9F/CPA exhibited some level of tumour control compared to untreated, and also resulted in differing immune responses which seemingly allowed for tumour control similar to that of the other DPX-R9F/CPA-containing groups (Fig. 1B,C).