Besides, the tumour‐derived SPP1 isoforms cooperate with both TRP53 and CCL2 and the FN1/SPP1‐ITGAV signalling chemoattracts tumour cells and inhibits their apoptosis, promoting the intrapulmonary metastasis of LC [28, 29]. Here, ITGAV is linked to laryngotracheoesophageal cleft.