Tumor cell‐intrinsic PD‐L1 signals modulate mTOR, autophagy, growth, metastasis, treatment resistance (e.g., small molecules, chemotherapy, immunotherapy), epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition, and DNA damage repair in these various tumor cells.12, 13, 14, 30, 31. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.