We further report that neuroplasticity (Tau, GAP-43), synaptogenesis (SYN, PSD-95), angiogenesis (VEGF, Ang-1, Ang-2), and neural plasticity regulation (TrkB, CREB, BDNF, NGF) were associated with improved neurorehabilitation by both exercise and ischemic conditioning after stroke, with further intermittent increases with ischemic conditioning. Here, BDNF is linked to Stroke.