AR and prostate carcinoma: To evaluate the proliferation inhibitory activity of Zeta55, proliferation assays of VCaP and LNCaP cells (AR overexpressed prostate cancer cell line), DU145 cells (AR negative prostate cancer cell line) and HEK293 cells (embryonic kidney immortalized cell line) were performed using SAHA and MDV3100 as controls (Table 2 and Supplementary Figure 5).