AR and prostate cancer: In prostate cancer, one combination therapy of targeted alpha therapy (radium-223) with AR antagonist (MDV3100) or immunotherapies (pembrolizumab or atezolizumab) is now in phase I/II clinical trials [20, 21]; while other combination therapies of AR antagonist (MDV3100 or ARN-509) with CYP17, PARP or VEGFR inhibitors are also in clinical trials [22].