PD-L1 expression on both tumor cells and infiltrated immune cells has also been explored as a biomarker across several histologies with varying results; in HNSCC, subgroup analyses of Checkmate 141, KEYNOTE-040, and KEYNOTE-048 all suggest that higher PD-L1 expression does correlate with the likelihood of survival benefit (10–12). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.